Department of Civil Engineering

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Soil Mechanics Laboratory

  The Soil Mechanics Laboratory focuses on the experimental investigation of soil behavior under various loading and environmental conditions. The laboratory supports academic and industry‑oriented geotechnical studies through tests related to soil classification, compaction, permeability, consolidation, and shear strength. The following equipment are available in this laboratory.
38 mm Hand-operated Extruder
Standards: BS 1377-1

Inventory: One unit
Condition: Functional
Country and Manufacturer: ELE – England
Model: EL23-4090
Manufacture Date: ----
In undisturbed sampling, the soil components remain intact and adjacent, preserving the natural texture and moisture of the sample. This equipment is used to extract soil specimens with a diameter of 38 mm and a length of 230 mm.


Proctor /Core Cutter Extruder

Standards: BS 1377-1


Inventory: One unit
Condition: Functional
Country and Manufacturer: MARUI – Japan
Model: MIS-217-1-01
Manufacture Date: June 1990

This device is used to extract compacted soil samples from a compaction mold and a core cutter with a diameter of 4 inches / 100 mm.


Proctor /CBR Extruder

Standards: BS 1377-1


Inventory: One unit
Condition: Functional
Country and Manufacturer: MARUI – Japan
Model: MIS-217-1-02
Manufacture Date: June 1990

This device is used to extract compacted soil samples from a compaction mold and a CBR mold with a diameter of 6 inches / 150 mm.


Hand Operated Soil Lathe

Standards: BS 1377-1


Inventory: One unit
Condition: Functional
Country and Manufacturer: ELE – England
Model: EL23-5800
Manufacture Date: ----

This device is designed for trimming hardened soil samples to obtain the desired dimensions for preparing specimens with a diameter of 38 mm. It features adjustable height up to 100 mm.
Accessories include a coping saw and a knife.


Hand operated Liquid Limit Device

Standards: AASHTO T89, ASTM D4318, ISIRI 10731


Inventory: One unit
Condition: Functional
Country of Manufacture: Iran
Manufacturer: Abzar Azmayesh Arvin
Model: ----
Manufacture Date: ----


Inventory: One unit
Condition: Functional
Country of Manufacture: Japan
Manufacturer: MARUI
Model: MIS-214-1-01
Manufacture Date: June 1990

The manual Casagrande device is used for the liquid limit test of soil to evaluate the relationship between the moisture content of a soil sample and the number of blows required to close the groove.
The objective of this test is to determine the critical (threshold) moisture content at which the soil transitions from a plastic to a liquid state.
Both devices are equipped with a grooving tool, a brass cup, and a standard Bakelite base. The Iranian model also includes a blow counter.


Motorised Liquid Limit Device

Standards: BS 1377-2, EN DD ENV 1997-2

Inventory: One unit
Condition: Functional
Country and Manufacturer: ELE – England
Model: EL24-0417/01
Manufacture Date: ----

The electric Casagrande device is used for the liquid limit test of soil to evaluate the relationship between the moisture content of a soil sample and the number of blows required to close the groove.
In the electric model, blows are applied by a motorized striker at a rate of 2 blows per second.
The device includes a grooving tool, a brass cup, a standard Bakelite base, and a blow counter.


Shrinkage Limit Equipment

Standards: ASTM D427, BS 1377:2

Inventory: One set
Condition: Functional (not in use due to outdated standards and mercury health hazards)
Country and Manufacturer: Iran – Azmoonsaz Mabna
Model: SO 490
Manufacture Date: ----

The purpose of this test is to determine the moisture content below which the soil no longer shrinks as moisture decreases.
Standard shrinkage limit equipment includes:
• One glass evaporating dish for shrinkage limit sample
• One Plexiglass plate with three pins for shrinkage limit
• Five stainless steel sample molds
• One glass container for mercury collection
• One spatula, 20 mm wide


Mechanical Analysis Stirrer

Standards: ASTM D422, AASHTO T88


Inventory: One unit
Condition: Functional
Country and Manufacturer: MARUI – Japan
Model: MIS-211-0
Manufacture Date: June 1990

This device is used in soil hydrometer testing at a speed of 10,000 rpm for particle size analysis of fine-grained soils smaller than 75 µm.


Insulated Water Bath for Soil

Standards: ASTM D422


Inventory: One unit
Condition: Functional
Country and Manufacturer: MARUI – Japan
Model: MIS-212-1-02
Manufacture Date: June 1990
Capacity: 9 hydrometer cylinders
Dimensions: 915(l) × 160(w) × 360(h) mm

This device is used in soil hydrometer testing to maintain the temperature of test samples inside hydrometer cylinders at a constant level. It features a wooden body with a double-wall system.


Mechanical Sand Equivalent Shaker

Standards: AASHTO T176, ASTM D2419, ISIRI 1685

Inventory: One unit
Condition: Functional
Country and Manufacturer: ELE – England
Model: ----
Manufacture Date: ----

This device is used in the sand equivalent test to generate uniform oscillations.
The purpose of this test is to determine the ratio of sand volume to total soil volume, essentially assessing the cleanliness of the sand.
The device has a horizontal stroke of 20 cm and performs 90 back-and-forth movements in 60 seconds.


Motorised Sand Equivalent Shaker

Standards: AASHTO T176, ASTM D2419, ISIRI 1685

Inventory: One unit
Condition: Functional
Country and Manufacturer: MARUI – Japan
Model: MIS-216-S
Manufacture Date: June 1990

This device is used in the sand equivalent test to generate uniform oscillations. The purpose of this test is to determine the ratio of sand volume to total soil volume, essentially assessing the cleanliness of the sand. The device has a horizontal stroke of 20 cm and performs 90 back-and-forth movements in 60 seconds.


Proctor Compaction Mould & Rammer

Standards: ASTM D558, ASTM D559, ASTM D560, ASTM D698, ASTM D1557


Country and Manufacturer: MARUI – Japan

The purpose of this test is to determine the maximum dry density of soil and its corresponding optimum moisture content. It is conducted using two methods:

  • Standard Method: Utilizes a 4-inch (10 cm diameter) compaction mold and a 2.5 kg hammer dropped from a height of 30 cm.
  • Modified Method: Employs a 6-inch (15 cm diameter) compaction mold and a 4.5 kg hammer dropped from a height of 45 cm.

Automatic Soils Compactor

Standards: ASTM D558, ASTM D559, ASTM D560, ASTM D698, ASTM D1557


Inventory: One unit
Condition: Functional
Country and Manufacturer: ELE – England
Model: EL24-9095/01
Manufacture Date: 2001
Hammer Diameter: 2.0” (50.8 mm)
Hammer Weight: 5.5 lb (2.5 kg) – 10 lb (4.5 kg)
Drop Height: 12” (305 mm) – 18” (457 mm)
Device Dimensions: 250(w) × 430(d) × 1400(h) mm
Device Weight: 190 kg

The compaction hammer device is designed to facilitate soil compaction and is equipped with a digital pre-counter. By adjusting the hammer weight and drop height, the device can be configured for 4-inch and 6-inch molds or CBR test specimens.
The platform holding the mold rotates with each blow, ensuring that subsequent impacts strike the soil sample at optimal positions.
The device includes a safety guard for user protection and a soundproof cabinet.


Automatic CBR Test Machine

Standards: AASHTO T193, ASTM D1883, BS 1377-4, ISIRI 1159


Inventory: One complete unit with all accessories
Condition: Functional
Country and Manufacturer: Iran – Azmoon Saz Mabna
Model: SO 639
Manufacture Date: ----

The fully automatic CBR device is equipped with a 30 kN load cell with 10 N accuracy and a displacement gauge for penetration measurement with a 50 mm stroke and 0.01 mm accuracy. Loading is performed by an electric motor-gearbox system. All stages of the CBR test are carried out automatically after placing the specimen in the CBR mold and pressing the Start button. The loading head then returns to its initial position. The failure force (in N) and penetration (in mm) values are displayed on the screen. Data can be saved in Excel format and the stress–penetration curve can be plotted by connecting to a computer.


Consolidation Apparatus

Standards: AASHTO T216; ASTM D2435, D4546; BS 1377; EN DD ENV 1997-2


Inventory: One complete set
Condition: Functional
Country and Manufacturer: ELE – England
Model: EL25-0402
Manufacture Date: ----
Consolidation Specimen Diameter: 75 mm
Lever Ratios: 11:1, 10:1, 9:1
Load Capacity: 2000 kPa with a 9:1 lever ratio
Weight Set: 100 kg
Composition: 9×10 kg, 1×5 kg, 2×2 kg, 1×1 kg

The consolidation test is performed in the laboratory on undisturbed soil specimens to determine consolidation characteristics. The applied load is exerted using standard weights, and the specimen’s deformation is read using a dial gauge with 0.002 mm accuracy.


Constant Head Apparatus

Standards: AASHTO T215; ASTM D2434; BS 1377; EN DD ENV 1997-2



Inventory: One complete set
Condition: Functional (the ELE variable head permeability apparatus includes only the mold and lacks the stand and manometer tubes)
Country and Manufacturer: ELE – England
Model: EL25-0585
Manufacture Date: ----

The constant head soil permeability apparatus is suitable for determining the permeability of coarse-grained soils. The constant head permeability mold is made of plexiglass and has a diameter of 114 mm.


Constant Head Permeability Apparatus (Simple Type)

Standards: ASTM D2434



Inventory: One complete set
Condition: Functional
Country and Manufacturer: MARUI – Japan
Model: MIS-228-1-01
Manufacture Date: June 1990

The constant head soil permeability apparatus is suitable for determining the permeability of coarse-grained soils.


Falling Head Permeameter (Simple Type)



Inventory: One complete set
Condition: Defective (the 20 mm manometer valve is broken, and the apparatus lacks smaller-diameter manometer tubes)
Country and Manufacturer: MARUI – Japan
Model: MIS-227-1-01
Manufacture Date: June 1990

The variable head soil permeability apparatus is suitable for determining the permeability of fine-grained soils. The 4-inch permeability mold is made of galvanized steel.


Soil Strength (Triaxial) Apparatus

Standards: AASHTO T296, T297; ASTM D2850, D4767, D1883, D2166, D7181



Inventory: One complete set
Condition: Functional
Country and Manufacturer: ELE – England
Model: EL25-3516/01
Manufacture Date: 2001
Capacity: 50 kN (11,200 lbf)
Speed Range: 0.00001 ~ 9.99999 mm/min

This apparatus is designed for performing triaxial compression tests using three methods: Unconsolidated Undrained (UU), Consolidated Undrained (CU), and Consolidated Drained (CD). It is equipped to apply back pressure and cell (confining) pressure, and to measure pore water pressure and volume change. By conducting tests on three identical cylindrical soil specimens—either undisturbed or reconstituted—and plotting Mohr’s circles, shear strength parameters such as internal friction angle (ϕ) and cohesion (c) can be determined. Stress–strain diagrams also provide valuable insight into the mechanical behavior of the soil.


Electric Direct Shear Apparatus

Standards: ASTM D3080, BS 1377


Inventory: One complete set
Condition: Functional
Country and Manufacturer: MARUI – Japan
Model: MIS-233-1-02
Manufacture Date: June 1990
Specimen Dimensions: 60 mm (ϕ) × 12 mm (t)
Maximum Shear Force: 100 kgf
Shear Rate: 0.3 ~ 2 mm/min
Weight Set: 6.4 kg
Composition: 2×0.4 kg, 1×0.8 kg, 1×1.6 kg, 1×3.2 kg

The direct shear apparatus is used to determine the shear strength parameters of soil. It is equipped with two dial gauges with 0.01 mm accuracy and travel ranges of 10 mm and 20 mm, as well as a force ring with a capacity of 980 N.


Proving Ring Penetrometer

Standards: ASTM D1558, D2573


Inventory: One unit
Condition: Functional
Country of Manufacture: England
Manufacturer: ELE
Model: EL29-3739
Force Ring Capacity: 1 kN
Manufacture Date: ----


Sand Replacement

Standards: BS 1377, BS 1924

This equipment is used to determine the in-situ dry unit weight of soil. The dry unit weight is defined as the ratio of the in-situ wet unit weight of the soil to the moisture content of the same soil plus one. By determining the dry unit weight, and conducting a compaction test in the laboratory (to obtain the maximum dry unit weight), the field compaction capability of the soil can be evaluated. The degree of compaction is calculated by dividing the in-situ dry unit weight by the maximum dry unit weight obtained from the laboratory compaction test.

100 mm diameter Core-Cutter

Standards: BS 1377


The Core Cutter set includes a steel soil sampling tube with a diameter of 100 mm, a height of 130 mm, and a weight of 1 kg; a driving hammer weighing 13 kg; and a steel edge protector for the sampling tube weighing 340 g. This sampling method preserves the natural structure, texture, and moisture content of the soil without disturbance.


Melting Pot


It is used for melting wax (paraffin) in various laboratory tests such as determining the specific gravity of cohesive soils, determining the shrinkage limit of soils, and coating undisturbed soil specimens with wax.


Hot Plate with Magnetic Stirrer


Electric hot plates are used for various purposes such as drying construction materials and boiling pycnometers containing soil and water during the particle density (specific gravity) test of soil grains.


Electronic Balance

Heavy Duty Solution Balance


Triple Beam Balance



Oven



The oven is used for applications such as drying materials or determining their moisture content. It is equipped with a vent for releasing sample vapor and moisture, which enhances the drying rate. During testing, this vent must remain open.


Laboratory Sieve Shaker


This manual shaker is used for sieving operations and can accommodate up to seven 8-inch diameter sieves, along with a sieve pan and sieve cover, secured by a clamping mechanism.


Hand Operated Sieve Shaker


This manual shaker is used for vibrating sieves (sieving operation) and can accommodate six 8-inch diameter sieves, along with a sieve pan and sieve cover, secured by a clamping mechanism.


Distiller
This distillation unit is used for producing distilled water. It features a stainless steel body and an aluminum condenser. The device is equipped with a water level control system and an automatic shut-off mechanism that activates when the municipal water supply is interrupted or the water level drops.


 
  



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